Hair-waving device



June 24, 1930. H. M. HART 1,768,055

HAIR WAVING DEVIDE Filed Feb. 18, 1928 Fi7:E jig i; 4

if) 2/ a -hmtt? Hannah P'IHETFZ' Patented June 24, 19320 Parana GFFEQEHANNAH M. HART, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS HAIR-WAVING DEVICE Applicationfiled February 18, 1928. Serial No. 255,328.

The present invention relates, generally speaking, to hair wavers, andis more particularly concerned with a curling fork for use in aso-called permanentwave machine,

for imparting to the hair the Marcel wave in a simple and efficientmanner.

The permanent wave machine, as is well known, comprises aplurality oftubular heating elements, and serves for producing simple coiled curls,by means of ataped round curler rod. A strand of hair is coiled aroundthis rod and fastened to it by means of a string. A moist pad is thenwrapped around the strand of hair coiled on the rod, and, thusprepared,the rod is inserted into a heating element on the machine; When currentis applied, the strand of hair is steamed and baked in place, producinga simple coil or curl, which is termed a permanent wave.

A so-called Marcel wave, which is a more natural wave than thesimplecurl wave, cannot be produced in a permanent wave machine by theordinary means. plied manually by an operator manipulating a curlingiron of special construction.

It is the object of the present invention to produce a Marcel wave in anordinary permanent wave machine of known construction, in substantiallythe same successive steps at present necessary for producing a simplecoiled wave.

' In order to accomplish the above, and other objects and features whichwill be apparent 35 as the description progresses, I have invented acurling fork which may be used in place of the ordinary curling rod, ifit is desired to produce a permanent Marcel wave.

The invention will be better understood and appreciated from a detaileddescription with reference to the accompanying single sheet of drawingswhich forms a part of this specification.

, Referring now'to the drawings,

Fig. 1 shows the curler fork;

Fig. 2 is a cross section taken on line A.A of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 illustrates a locking hub which serves to lock the prongs of thefork and to 50 tension a strand of hair placed on the prongs;

It is ap- Fig. 4 is a side View of the hub shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 shows a modified and preferred form of locking huh; I

Fig. 6 illustrates a strand of hair arranged on the prongs of the curlerfork, tensioned and locked in place;

Figs. 7 and 8 are side and top views, respectively, of an adjustingbracket whose use will be explained presently; and 69 Figs. 9 and10 illustrate a preferred form of the bracket shown in Figs. 7 and 8.

Fig. 11 is a view showing in detail and on an enlarged scale the freeend portions of the prongs of the device.

All parts are numbered alike in the various figures. Therefore, acertain figurewill only be referred to if necessary for explainingspecific details.

Having explained, in a general manner,

the invention and the various figures shown in the drawings, thedetailed description will now be proceeded with.

Figure 1 illustrates a curler fork as contemplated by the invention,having prongs 3 and 4 tapering toward the base, which terminates in aforked hub, forming a slit 2 for attaching a strand of hair to the forkas shown in Fig. 6. It will be seen from the cross section Fig. 2, thatthe prongs 3 and 4: 30

of-the curler fork are oval-shaped, and it may be said at this point,that the prongs as well as other parts of the curler fork are smooth andfinished to prevent rough spots or protruding parts from catching andthus injuring the'hair. At the lower end, the prongs 3 and 4 terminatein guide and lock parts 5 and 6, which are parallel to the slot 2 at thebase of the fork, and thus deviate slightly from the general directionof the prongs 3 and 4:.

Figs; 3 and 4 illustrate'side and top views. of a locking hub 7,provided withholes 8 and 9 for sliding on the lock members 5 and 6 ofthe fork. An angular lever 10 having an arm 12 is rotatably mounted inthe hub 7, on a pin 11.

When a strand of hair is arranged on the curler fork as shown in Fig. 6,the locking a hub 7 is pushed on the ends 5 and 6 of the spondingopenings in the hub. This drawing apart of the prongs upon loc'kingthesame will put a slight tension on the strand of. hair, attaching itfirmly to the prongs of'the fork.

Inl ig. 5, I have shown a modifiedfform of "a hub 'Which'locksautomatically. Thisihub consists of a body 18 provided with openings '14and 15 for en'ga'gingthe ends '5 and 6 01 the prongs. These openings'*are provided with grooves 16 and 17, and restinginthcse grooves areseini-circularsprings 18 and 19, tensioned to grip the ends '5 andfiofthe prongs when inserted into the openings 1 and 15.

In Fig. 6 is illustrated a curler tor-k as shown inFig. 1, a strand ofhair wound thereon, and locked in place by means of a hub as 0 shown inFig. 5.

The assembly as. shown in 6, is wrapped in the usualimoishpad and theninserted into a tubularheatingelement' on the permanent wave machine./Vhencurrent is applied, the strandof I hair will: be. steamed and bakedinplace, and the wave pro duced Will be a Marcel wave ofnatu-ral textureand form,

-Itmay occur,.insonie instances, that .the hair to which aMarcel wave istoebe :applied, is short, and that a'strand arranged onthe fork asindicated in F ig.:-6, does notcoverl he .entire length. of the prongs.V In this case, the operator will make use of ithe -adjustable bracketshown inFigs. 7 and 8, or oitthe one shown in-Figs. 9:and.10. 7

The bracket shown in Figs-.7 and S'consists of a body member .21.holding two. plungers22 and'23, whichrare slidably mounted in the bodymember 21 by'mea-ns of a spring .24. .Each plunger haswa; groove forengaging one of the prongsot the fork. The bracketis inserted. at thelower, ogen end of the'prongs, and pushed upward to adjust thesuccessive curls in each series closely toaeach'other. The hubis-then'attached asusual.toitheends of the pro-ngsto' lock the assemblytogether.

The Listing bracket illustrated in Figs. '9 and 10 consists oi twomounting plates 27 and28 held togetherby a pin 35. Rotatably mounted onthis pin, and located insiee'the'se plates are two spring'memhers havingspring branches 29, 30, and 31, "32, respectively. These springs actupon U-shaped members33 and 34 Which are slidably mounted inside theplates 27 and 28.

It will be obvious without elaborate explanations that the adjustingbracket as shown in Figs. 9 and 10 is self-aligning in a ordinarycoiledwave. The difference resides V inerely'in arranging-the strand ofhair on the prongs or extensions, as shown 1n Eig.f6,:1nstead oisimplywlndingit insuccessiveturns on a round rod, as is done at presentdormaking apermanent (curl) wave. 'The' pro'duct 'will,accordinglyfbedifie'rent, that" is; it :will

a permanent (Marcel) *wave.

The material ior m a'king the 'fork andthe hub may he an aluminum alloyor :anysuitable resilient and durable :matter, "the fork 'may be cast'or punched and then v'finishedbyany well -lrnown" and desirable proc- 1ess.

lt willhe apparent thatr'modiiicationsrinay I suggestthemselves readily:to 'anyon'e experience'd in the art. I, therefore, desireiit to beunderstood thatldo not want to be limited in the application of-theinvention. to. t'heipre- =ci se structure shown -an'd explained, hut-only to; the claims which follow.

WVlrat -is claimed is:

1. A "deviceior use witha"permanentwave machine and adaptedto 'preduce ali/iar cel wave, comprising a "iork 'having two prongs taperingtowar'd'the base,-a torked member integralwith said base and having twoprongs projecting in parallel :there'irom: in a "direction' opposite Ito said tapering prongs, :said, tapering prongs terminating in guidezmembers disposed parallel to each other,*=a locking member having openingsto receivesai-d guide members, and means insaid-locking member to locksaid tapering prongs thereto.

2. A device of the class described, comprising'a base, afastening-memberprojecting from said base, a pluralityof resilientprongs pro ectingfrom said base oppositely to 'said member, a lockingmember provided on; one

side with openings toreceive said pron-gs,-and

meansin said locking merhbertolek said prongs in place. 7 3. A hairwaver of the class described comprising a hair-supporting 'iork,aso-eket asso 1 ciatcd therewith, ineansonsaid'socket for ias tening astrand of hair thereto, ,a terminal member, a plurality of openings insaid member tor T8C61V1I1g' *sard *prongs rn definitel spaced 1relation, and looking I means in said and means in said member forlocking said prongs.

5. A hair waver of the class described comprising a hair supporting forkhaving a plurality of resilient prongs, means on the base of said forkfor fastening a strand of hair thereto, a separate terminal member forclosing and for bridging the ends of said prongs, means in said memberfor automatically spacing said prongs definitely and for tensioningthereby a strand of hairsupported thereon when said member is attachedto said prongs, and means in said member for automatically locking saidprongs thereto.

6. A hair waver comprising a member for fastening a strand of hairthereto, a plurality of resilient extensions for arranging said strandof hair thereon in a corresponding plurality of oppositely disposedsuccessive curls, each extension serving as an axis for a series ofcurls, a terminal member, means in said member for automatically spacingsaid extensions definitely and for thereby automatically tensioning saidstrand of hair supported thereon, and means in said member forautomatically locking said extensions.

7. A hair waver comprising a member for fastening a strand of hairthereto, a plurality of extensions for arrangin said strand of hairthereon in oppositely disposed series of successive curls, eachextension serving as an axis for a series of curls, a terminal member,means in said member for automatically spacing said extensions and fortensioning thereby said strand of hair arranged there-' on, and means insaid member for automatically locking said extensions in place.

8. A hair waver comprising a plurality of straight and smoothly finishedstationary extensions projecting from a common base and integraltherewith for arranging a strand of hair thereon in a series of curls,each extension serving as an axis for a series of curls, a terminalmember for bridging and for covering the ends of said extensions, meansin said member tending to separate saidextensions for tensioning saidstrand of hair arranged thereon, and meansin said member for lockingsaid extensions.

9. A hair waver comprising a plurality of straight and smoothly finishedstationary extensions for arranging a strand of hair thereof inoppositely located series of curls, each extension serving as an axisfor a series of curls, a bracket for slidably engaging said extensionsto arrange said series of curls closelyto each other, a separateterminal member, means in said member for spacing said extensions andfor thereby tensioningsaid strand of hair arranged thereon, and means insaid member for locking said extensions relative to said terminal memberand to each other.

10. A hair waver comprising a plurality of straight and smoothlyfinished extensions projecting from a common base and integral therewithfor arranging a strand of hair thereon in a series of curls, eachextension serving as an axis for a series of curls, a bracket havingmeans for slidably and adjustably engaging said extensions to arrangethe curls in each series closely to each other,

a separate terminal member for bridging and for closing the ends of saidextensions, means in said member tending to separate said extensions fortensioning said strand of hair thereon, and means in said member forlooking said extensions.

11. A hair waver comprising prongs adapted to receive a strand of hairwound thereon inalternately opposite directions, said prongs beingmovable toward and away from each other, and means for forcing theprongs apart to tension the hair wound thereon and for thereafterreleasably securing them against movement toward each other.

12. A hair waver comprising a fork having two resilient prongs securedtogether at one end and free at the other end, and releasable means forforcing the free ends of the prongs apart to tension hair wound thereonand for thereafter holding the prongs against movement toward eachother.

13. A hair waver comprising prongs adapted to receive a strand ofhairwound thereon in alternately opposite directions, said prongsconverging toward one end thereof, and a member adapted to be slid alongthe prongs for compacting the coils of hair wound thereon, said memberacting to spread the prongs apart thereby tensioning the coils of hair.

- In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 14th day ofFebruary, A. D.

HANNAH M. HART.

